DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES

OFFICE OF SECRETARY

Appointed by the Governor with Senate advice and consent, the Secretary of Natural Resources heads the Department. The Secretary serves on the Governor's Executive Council and the Smart Growth and Neighborhood Conservation Subcabinet. The Secretary also serves on the Chesapeake Bay Commission; the Governor's Council on the Chesapeake Bay; the Chesapeake Bay Trust; the Maryland Greenways Commission; the Maryland Heritage Areas Authority; the Interdepartmental Advisory Committee for Minority Affairs; the Interagency Nutrient Reduction Oversight Committee; the Patuxent River Commission; the Governor's Pesticide Council; the Potomac River Fisheries Commission; the Rural Legacy Board; the Seafood Marketing Advisory Commission; the Scenic and Wild Rivers Review Board; the Governor's Commission on Service and Volunteerism; the State Soil Conservation Committee; and the Executive Committee, Transportation Enhancements Program. In addition, the Secretary is a member of the Task Force on the Environmental Effects of Methyl Tertiary-Butyl Ether (MTBE).

Under the Secretary, the Department is organized through five main programs: Capital Grants and Loans Administration; Chesapeake Bay and Watershed Programs; Management Service; Public Lands; and Resource Management Service.

ADVISORY COUNCIL ON DISABILITIES ISSUES
The Advisory Council on Disabilities Issues was formed by the Secretary of Natural Resources in 1985. The Council advises the Department on issues related to the accessibility of departmental facilities, programs, activities, and jobs to disabled persons. Council members are appointed by the Secretary of Natural Resources (Code Natural Resources Article, sec. 1-102(d)).

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY SERVICE
Under the Management Service, the Information Technology Service originated as the Management Information Service. It adopted its current name in July 2000 when it was placed directly under the Office of the Secretary.

PUBLIC COMMUNICATIONS OFFICE
The Public Communications Office began as Public Communications Services under Management and Services and was reorganized under the Deputy Secretary with its present name in 1995.

SMART GROWTH & NEIGHBORHOOD CONSERVATION
In 1997, Smart Growth and Neighborhood Conservation was authorized (Chapter 759, Acts of 1997). To preserve the existing neighborhoods, and agricultural, natural and rural resources of Maryland, the Smart Growth and Neighborhood Conservation Program sets priorities for certain State spending. The Program also encompasses the Live Near Your Work Program, the Rural Legacy Program, and the Voluntary Cleanup and Revitalization (Brownfields) Program.

CAPITAL GRANTS & LOANS ADMINISTRATION

The Capital Grants and Loans Administration began as Land Enhancement Services in 1995. It became the Land and Water Conservation Service in November 1995, and reorganized under its present name in July 2000.

The Administration oversees Operations, the Maryland Environmental Trust, and four programs: Program Open Space; Rural Legacy; Shore Erosion Control; and Waterway Improvement.

MARYLAND ENVIRONMENTAL TRUST

The Maryland Environmental Trust formed in 1967 to conserve, improve, stimulate, and perpetuate the aesthetic, natural, scenic and cultural aspects of the Maryland environment (Chapter 648, Acts of 1967). The Trust also promotes conservation of open space, and appreciation of the environment and its care. Four main programs come under the Trust: Conservation Easements, Keep Maryland Beautiful, Local Land Trust Assistance, and Rural Historic Village Protection.

Conservation Easements Program. The Trust seeks donations of conservation easements to the State on certain lands to preserve the land from development. The conservation easement allows landowners to protect their properties permanently from development and, in many cases, to receive substantial tax benefits from their donation of developmental rights. In giving these easements, landowners donate the developmental rights on their property while retaining all other rights of ownership. By January 2001, the Trust had secured 559 conservation easements on over 78,000 acres.

The Trust consists of fifteen trustees. Three serve ex officio. The remaining twelve each year elect three of their own successors for four-year terms. The Trust appoints the Director (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 3-201 through 3-211).

PROGRAM OPEN SPACE

Program Open Space acquires outdoor recreation and open space areas for public use. The Program administers funds made available to local communities for open and recreational space by the Outdoor Recreation Land Loan of 1969 and from the Land and Water Conservation Fund of the National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior. The Program coordinates the acquisition of Department lands for the use of all departmental agencies (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 5-901 through 5-910).

RURAL LEGACY PROGRAM

RURAL LEGACY BOARD
Created in 1997, the Rural Legacy Board administers the Rural Legacy Program. The Board establishes a method for appraising real property acquired under the Program, and may establish partnerships with other governmental agencies to carry out the Program.

The Board consists of the Secretary of Natural Resources, who serves as chair; the Secretary of Agriculture; and the Secretary of Planning (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 5-9A-01 through 5-9A-09).

ADVISORY COMMITTEE
The Rural Legacy Board is aided by the Rural Legacy Board Advisory Committee. The Committee reviews applications for Rural Legacy Areas, makes recommendations for Rural Legacy Area designations, and considers other matters as requested by the Board. The Committee's eleven members are appointed by the Governor with Senate advice and consent (Code Natural Resources Article, sec. 5-9A-08).

CHESAPEAKE BAY & WATERSHED PROGRAMS

With the signing of the interstate Chesapeake Bay Agreement in 1987, Maryland programs formed to protect and restore the Bay. In the Department of Natural Resources, the Chesapeake Bay Program Office was created under the Office of the Secretary. At the Department of the Environment, Bay activities began with the Chesapeake Bay and Special Projects Program, reorganized as the Chesapeake Bay and Watershed Administration in 1994. The Administration transferred in 1995 to the Department of Natural Resources and merged with the Chesapeake Bay Program Office to form Chesapeake Bay and Watershed Programs. In 1995, Chesapeake Bay and Watershed Programs assumed the functions of three Tidewater Administration divisions: Coastal and Watershed Resources; Chesapeake Bay Research and Monitoring; and Power Plant and Environmental Review.

Chesapeake Bay and Watershed Programs leads State efforts to protect and restore Chesapeake Bay. It oversees three programs: the Chesapeake and Coastal Watershed Service; Education, Bay Policy, and Growth Management; and the Resource Assessment Service.

CHESAPEAKE & COASTAL WATERSHED SERVICE

The Service develops and helps implement watershed management strategies and projects to restore and protect the ecosystems of Chesapeake Bay and its watersheds. Departmental responsibilities under the Economic Growth, Resource Protection, and Planning Act are coordinated by the Service (Chapter 437, Acts of 1992). In addition, the Service provides staff support to the Maryland Greenways Commission.

Within the Service are five divisions: Coastal Zone Management; Geographic Information Services; Watershed Management and Analysis; Watershed Restoration; and Waterway and Greenways.

COASTAL ZONE MANAGEMENT DIVISION

Four programs comprise the Division: Chesapeake Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve System - Maryland; Coastal Bays National Estuary; Coastal Zone Management; and Public Involvement.

Chesapeake Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve System - Maryland. This program was created in accordance with the federal Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972. Representative estuarine systems, including valuable wetland habitat, are protected by the System for use as natural field laboratories. The System maintains three reserves on Chesapeake Bay: Otter Point Creek Component, Harford County; Monie Bay Component, Somerset County; and Jug Bay Component, Anne Arundel County. Each reserve is a field laboratory supporting several monitoring, research and educational programs.

Coastal Zone Management Program. The Division administers the Program with grants from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The Program is based upon the laws, regulations, authorities, expertise, and perspectives of six State Departments (Agriculture, Budget and Management, Health and Mental Hygiene, Housing and Community Development, Natural Resources, and Transportation); sixteen coastal counties and Baltimore City; two regional planning agencies; and numerous federal agencies.

Public Involvement Program. This program seeks help from civic and community associations, environmental groups, businesses, and local governments to protect and restore watersheds.

COASTAL & WATERSHED RESOURCES ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Established in 1976, the Coastal and Watershed Resources Advisory Committee advises the Secretary of Natural Resources and the Coastal Zone Management Program on policy issues affecting Maryland's coastal areas.

The Committee consists of citizen and representatives of federal, State and local government; businesses; and private associations.

GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SERVICES DIVISION

The Division includes two programs: Geographic Data Production, and Geographic Systems Management. Together, they provide the basic data for comprehensive management, restoration, and enhancement of the Chesapeake Bay watershed.

GEOGRAPHIC DATA PRODUCTION
Geographic Data Production manages the production of spatial data, such as computerized maps, and other geographic information. It analyzes trends and develops unique data to support management planning.

GEOGRAPHIC SYSTEMS MANAGEMENT
Geographic Systems Management oversees access to and use of geographic information systems. This oversight covers hardware, software, and network resources for the Chesapeake and Coastal Watershed Service, and for Education, Bay Policy, and Growth Management.

WATERSHED MANAGEMENT & ANALYSIS DIVISION

The Division identifies sources of nonpoint pollution throughout the State as a key element of Maryland's restoration of Chesapeake Bay. The Division also evaluates efforts at and defines options for comprehensive, cost-effective control of nonpoint source pollution.

Through research and technical analysis, the Division evaluates water quality statewide, focusing on trends that affect Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries. The Division also coordinates its work with other State agencies, neighboring states, and the federal government.

To protect Chesapeake Bay and its watersheds, the Watershed Management and Analysis Division provides technical and analytical expertise to agencies and organizations concerned with watershed management and resource protection. The Division works through three programs: Ecological Processes; Watershed Analysis and Modeling; and Watershed Management and Planning.

WATERSHED RESTORATION DIVISION

Three programs come under the Division: Riparian and Wetland Restoration; Watershed Assessment and Targeting; and Watershed Evaluation.

REGIONAL CHESAPEAKE BAY PROGRAM
The Regional Chesapeake Bay Program derives from Maryland's commitment under the 1983 and 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreements to restore and protect the Bay, particularly its finfish, shellfish, wildlife, and other aquatic life.

The Director of the Regional Chesapeake Bay Program chairs the Living Resources Subcommittee of the Chesapeake Executive Council, an interstate agency. Under the 1987 Chesapeake Bay Agreement, that subcommittee develops and implements plans to protect and restore habitats, ecosystems, and populations of the Bay's living resources.

WATERWAY & GREENWAYS DIVISION

For the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries, the Division develops waterway management plans that allow for multiple uses while protecting natural resources. The Division administers a marine sewage pumpout program, a petroleum control program, and the State's initiative to provide public access to waterways. The Division has two sections: Clean Waterway Practices, and Waterway Analysis.

EDUCATION, BAY POLICY, & GROWTH MANAGEMENT

CHESAPEAKE BAY POLICY COORDINATION

CONSERVATION EDUCATION

GROWTH & RESOURCE CONSERVATION

Growth Management Program. This program was started in 1992 to coordinate Department responsibilities under the Economic Growth, Resource Protection and Planning Act (Chapter 437, Acts of 1992). The Program helps public and private entities plan for and manage the adverse environmental effects of land development, population growth, and economic expansion.

As State government agencies acquire land and undertake capital projects, the Program helps them develop and implement guidelines to protect environmentally sensitive areas. For local governments, the Program provides technical, educational and financial aid to prepare comprehensive plans and development ordinances.

Resource Economics Program. Created in 1995, the Program applies economic principles to Chesapeake Bay restoration and protection programs. These principles include risk assessment, cost and benefits analysis, resource valuation, and regional impact evaluations. By demonstrating to business and developers the financial benefits of sustaining the Chesapeake Bay ecosystem, the Program induces voluntary participation rather than regulatory control to change business practices that harm the Bay.

TRIBUTARY STRATEGIES

Tributary Strategies Program. The Program coordinates the development and implementation of nutrient reduction strategies for each of the Bay's major tributaries, as specified by the 1992 amendments to the Chesapeake Bay Agreement.

RESOURCE ASSESSMENT SERVICE

Origins of the Resource Assessment Service trace to 19th century legislation safeguarding Maryland clams, oysters, and fish. Many later duties stem from the Department of Tidewater Fisheries created under the Board of Natural Resources in 1941 (Chapter 508, Acts of 1941). That department was reorganized as the Department of Chesapeake Bay Affairs in 1964 and placed under the Department of Natural Resources in 1969 (Chapter 82, Acts of 1964; Chapter 154, Acts of 1969). In 1972, the Department merged with the Fish and Wildlife Administration to form the Fisheries Administration (Chapter 348, Acts of 1972). Duties of the Fisheries Administration were assigned to the Tidal Fisheries Division in 1979, when the Division joined with the Coastal Zone Management Program, and Waterway Improvement to form the Tidewater Administration (Chapter 601, Acts of 1979). Reorganized in 1988, the Administration was made part of Resource Management in 1992. As the Resource Assessment Administration, it was assigned to Chesapeake Bay and Watershed Programs in 1995. Later that year, it became the Resource Assessment Service.

The Service collects and interprets scientific data to help restore, protect, and manage Maryland tidal and nontidal ecosystems. The Service oversees the work of the Maryland Geological Survey, and four divisions: Monitoring and Nontidal Assessment; Power Plant Assessment; Support Services; and Tidewater Ecosystem Assessment.

MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

The first State Geological Survey operated from 1834 to 1841. Fifty-five years later, the State Geological and Economic Survey was established in 1896 (Chapter 51, Acts of 1896). The work of the Survey was placed under the Department of Geology, Mines, and Water Resources of the Board of Natural Resources in 1941 (Chapter 508, Acts of 1941). In 1964, the Maryland Geological Survey superseded the Department of Geology, Mines, and Water Resources (Chapter 73, Acts of 1964). The Survey became part of the Department of Natural Resources in 1969 (Chapter 154, Acts of 1969). Within the Department, it was placed under Resource Management in 1992 and under the Resource Assessment Service in 1995.

The Survey researches the geology, water and mineral resources of the State so this knowledge can be applied to resolve practical problems related to environmental and natural resources. Publication of maps and technical reports are the primary means of relaying this information to the public, private industry, and local, State and federal government agencies. Periodically, the Survey publishes County Reports, County and Quadrangle Atlases, Reports of Investigations, Basic Data Reports, Bulletins, Educational Series, and Information Circulars. The Survey also publishes county topographic and geologic maps, a State geologic map, and other maps and charts.

Coastal and estuarine geology related to erosion and sedimentation in the Chesapeake Bay and along the ocean shoreline are studied by the Survey. As part of its applied earth science research on the Bay, the Survey was one of the principal investigators on the Chesapeake Bay Program of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The Survey's work is carried out by three projects: Coastal and Estuarine Geology; Environmental Geology and Mineral Resources; and Hydrogeology and Hydrology.

The Director is appointed by the Governor upon recommendation of the Secretary of Natural Resources (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 2-201 through 2-203).

Under the Survey are three projects: Coastal and Estuarine Geology; Environmental Geology and Mineral Resources; and Hydrogeology and Hydrology. The Survey also is assisted by the Commission of the Maryland Geological Survey, the Geologic Mapping Advisory Committee, and the Maryland Water Monitoring Council.

COMMISSION OF THE MARYLAND GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
The Commission of the Maryland Geological Survey advises the Director on matters concerning the Survey. The Commission's five members are appointed by the Secretary of Natural Resources to five-year terms (Code Natural Resources Article, sec. 2-204).

GEOLOGIC MAPPING ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Created in 1992, the Geologic Mapping Advisory Committee advises the Director of the Maryland Geological Survey on the development of geologic maps of areas important to the economic, social and scientific welfare of the State and nation. The Committee is concerned with the State geologic mapping component (called STATEMAP) of the National Cooperative Geologic Mapping Program. The Program was established in 1992 within the U.S. Geological Survey (P.L. 102-285, National Geologic Mapping Act of 1992).

MARYLAND WATER MONITORING COUNCIL
The Maryland Water Monitoring Council organized in 1995 to foster cooperation among groups involved in water monitoring. The Council is concerned with physical, chemical and biological monitoring, as well as the evaluation of land use factors that change aquatic habitat.

COASTAL & ESTUARINE GEOLOGY PROJECT
The Coastal and Estuarine Geology Project originated from the Shore Erosion Investigation Program and organized under its present name in 1971. The Project investigates the geologic framework and resources of the State's coastal environments extending from the barrier island of the Atlantic Ocean to the wetlands and shorelines of Chesapeake Bay. Orthophoto quadrangle maps from aerial photography, combined with historical shoreline erosion maps, provide the basis to evaluate shoreline changes in the Bay region. The Project also monitors the geochemical components and physical features of sediments around the Hart-Miller Island Containment Facility.

In 1975, the Chesapeake Bay Earth Science Study was added to the Project. This work determines the distribution of sands, silts, and clays; identifies the patterns of erosion and deposition of these sediments; and analyzes the geochemistry of the pore waters in these sediments.

ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY & MINERAL RESOURCES PROJECT
The Environmental Geology and Mineral Resources Project makes geologic, environmental and topographic maps, and investigates mineral and energy resources. Project studies provide an earth science framework for managing Maryland's mineral, energy and land resources. The Project was created in 1972 from the Geologic Investigations Program and the Topographic Maps Program.

Topographic maps are used by the public for activities such as hiking and camping and by State and local governments for a myriad of technical and planning applications. Geologic maps provide data about the kinds of rocks and the location of minerals (predominantly sand, gravel, stone, and coal) and provide background for the intelligent planning and use of Maryland's geologic natural resources.

The Project provides technical advice and assistance for the Geologic Exhibits and Visitors Center at Sideling Hill in western Maryland. Through the Survey's library and the Earth Science Information Center, aerial photos and large-scale maps are available to the public and private industry.

EARTH SCIENCE INFORMATION CENTER
The Earth Science Information Center formed in 1982 as Maryland's affiliate of the Earth Science Information Center Program of the U.S. Geological Survey. The Center develops and makes available Maryland geologic information.

HYDROGEOLOGY & HYDROLOGY PROJECT
In 1972, the Hydrogeology and Hydrology Project started. In cooperation with the U.S. Geological Survey, the Project maintains a statewide water data network and investigates the hydrologic and geologic characteristics of Maryland's water resources.

The surface water data network provides information on minimum, maximum and average streamflows for the planning of water supply and sewage facilities, water power projects, dams, and bridges. The groundwater network measures water levels in aquifers and selected springs and relates changes in groundwater levels to withdrawals and precipitation. The groundwater network also monitors the hydrologic effects of long-term changes in pumpage, land use patterns, and rainfall.

Special resource assessment studies undertaken with local and county governments include the extent of saltwater intrusion, aquifer and streamflow characteristics, water quality and rates of replenishment, and water well sampling for basic chemistry, nutrients, radon, and either industrial organic constituents, or agricultural herbicide or pesticide residues.

MONITORING & NONTIDAL ASSESSMENT DIVISION

In Maryland streams, rivers, and the Chesapeake Bay, the Division conducts water monitoring and technical assessments. This work describes the status of ecosystems, contributes to the development of habitat protection and restoration, and measures changes caused by watershed management. The Division consolidates scientific programs of the Resource Assessment Service in the areas of ecological habitat impacts; biological assessments; nonindigenous aquatic species control; and atmospheric deposition.

A 49-foot research vessel, the RV Kerhin, is used for Bay research. Formerly named the RV Discovery, the vessel was renamed the RV Kerhin after Randall T. Kerhin's death. A world-renowned geologist, Dr. Kerhin's efforts were instrumental in acquiring the boat for research.

Under the Division are six units: Administration; Atmospheric Deposition; Ecological Assessment; Graphics Support; Monitoring; and the Research Vessel Kerhin. The Division also is served by the Acid Deposition Advisory Committee.

ACID DEPOSITION ADVISORY COMMITTEE
At the request of the Monitoring and Nontidal Assessment Division and the Power Plant Assessment Division, the Acid Deposition Advisory Committee reviews and comments upon materials related to the Acid Deposition Program. These include draft annual reports to the Governor and General Assembly and research studies (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 1-102(d), 3-303).

POWER PLANT ASSESSMENT DIVISION

To evaluate and minimize the environmental effects of power plants without imposing unreasonable costs on the production of electricity, the Division conducts environmental research, monitoring, and assessments. Recommendations necessary to protect the environment, related to the design, construction, and operation of power plants, are made to the Public Service Commission and other regulatory agencies. The Division also helps select sites for dredged materials and monitors the environmental impact of these sites (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 3-301 through 3-307).

The Division is aided by the Power Plant Research Advisory Committee.

POWER PLANT RESEARCH ADVISORY COMMITTEE
Appointed by the Secretary of Natural Resources, the Power Plant Research Advisory Committee advises the Secretary on the Power Plant Assessment Program (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 1-102(d), 3-303).

TIDEWATER ECOSYSTEM ASSESSMENT DIVISION

Under the Division are six units: Data and Computer Resources; Living Resource Assessment; Modelling; Support Services; Toxics Contamination; and Water and Habitat Quality.

MANAGEMENT SERVICE

The Management Service is responsible for three units: the Finance and Administrative Service; the Human Resource Service; and Management Analysis and Auditing.

PUBLIC LANDS

Public Lands began in 1992 as Public Lands and Forestry and reorganized under its present name in 1995. Public Lands oversees four programs: the State Forest and Park Service; Engineering and Construction; the Natural Resources Police Force; and Resource Planning. Public Lands is aided by the Scenic and Wild Rivers Review Board.

SCENIC & WILD RIVERS REVIEW BOARD
The Scenic and Wild Rivers Review Board was created in 1968 (Chapter 85, Acts of 1968). The Board reviews all inventories, studies, plans, rules, and regulations concerning the Scenic and Wild Rivers Program. The Program includes the following rivers and their tributaries: Anacostia; Deer Creek; Monocacy; Patuxent; Pocomoke; Potomac (in Montgomery and Frederick counties); Severn; Wicomico (in Charles County); and Youghiogheny. During review, recommendations of the Secretary of Natural Resources, local governing bodies, and local advisory boards are considered. The Board advises the General Assembly on resource management plans for rivers, shorelines, and related lands included in the Program, and recommends additional rivers and tributaries for the Program.

With the advice and consent of the local governing body, the Review Board appoints a local scenic and wild river advisory board for each river in the Scenic and Wild River Program.

The Board consists of four ex officio members, and a Garrett County Commissioner who votes only on matters pertaining to the wild portion of the Youghiogheny River (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 8-401 through 8-411).

STATE FOREST & PARK SERVICE

Origins of the State Forest and Park Service trace to 1906 when John and Robert Garrett of Baltimore gave the State nearly 2,000 acres of land in the Swallow Falls area of Garrett County. The gift came with a proviso that a forestry service be established to protect woodlands and advance forestry. That same year, the Board of Forestry was created (Chapter 294, Acts of 1906). The Board was replaced by the Department of Forests and Parks under supervision of the Board of Natural Resources in 1941 (Chapter 508, Acts of 1941). In 1969, the Department of Forests and Parks became part of the Department of Natural Resources (Chapter 154, Acts of 1969). The Department of Forests and Parks in 1972 divided into two units: the Park Service and the Forest Service (Chapter 348, Acts of 1972). These agencies recombined in 1982 as the Forest and Park Service (Chapter 184, Acts of 1982). In 1984, the Forest and Park Service merged with the Wildlife Administration to form the Forest, Park and Wildlife Service (Chapter 136, Acts of 1984). The Department separated the State Forest and Park Service from the Wildlife Program in 1991.

The State Forest and Park Service administers and manages Maryland, parks, natural environmental areas, natural resource areas, and marinas. While providing recreation sites, the Service preserves natural resources and ensures multiple uses and a sustained yield of forest resources (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 5-101 through 5-219).

The Service is responsible for seven State forests, some forty State parks, four demonstration forests, six natural environment areas, and nine natural resource management areas. The Service also oversees two State marinas. It operates Somers Cove Marina, home of the Annual Crab Derby in Crisfield. It monitors the contract for managing the Fort Washington Marina at Piscataway Bay off the Potomac River in Prince George's County. Parks and recreation brochures are available at each park and from the Service.

Under the State Forest and Park Service is the Maryland Conservation Corps, State Forests, State Parks, and Natural Resources Management Areas. Several advisory committees also aid the Service. Among these are the Deep Creek Lake Advisory and Review Committee; Gunpowder Falls Local Advisory Board; and the Helen Avalynne Tawes Garden Advisory Board.

DEEP CREEK LAKE POLICY & REVIEW BOARD
The Deep Creek Lake Policy and Review Board was formerly the Deep Creek Lake Advisory and Review Committee. It reorganized under its present name in 2000 (Chapter 560, Acts of 2000). The Board advises the Secretary of Natural Resources on matters relating to Deep Creek Lake in Garrett County, particularly in regard to the Deep Creek Lake Recreation Maintenance and Management Fund and the Deep Creek Lake Management Program.

The Committee is composed of ten members. They include five members appointed by the Governor; the State Senator representing Garrett County (Legislative District 1); the member of the House of Delegates representing Garrett County (Legislative District 1A); and a member of the Garrett County Board of County Commissioners selected by the Garrett County Board of County Commissioners. Two members serve ex officio (Code Natural Resources Article, sec. 5-216).

MARYLAND CONSERVATION CORPS

Authorized in 1982, the Maryland Conservation Corps was funded and began operation in 1984 (Chapter 297, Acts of 1982; Chapter 510, Acts of 1984). The Corps, formerly under the Tidewater Administration, was assigned to the Forest, Park and Wildlife Service in 1988. Since 1991, the Corps has been under the State Forest and Park Service.

The Corps provides Maryland youths (aged 14 to 21) with summer jobs that help develop and maintain the State's natural resources. Corps projects conserve or improve natural resources, or enhance and preserve environmentally important lands and waters. Participants may be sponsored by private industry. They must be physically fit and have the desire to work out-of-doors, possibly in remote locations.

Through a federal grant in 1992, the Corps started a year-round program for persons aged 17 to 25. In Fiscal Year 1999, fifty Corps members worked over 85,000 hours on conservation and Chesapeake Bay restoration, and spent 5,000 hours on community service. Corps members provided environmental education instruction to 10,000 children; repaired 23 buildings; assessed and maintained 200 miles of trails; fought five wildfires (850 acres); planted 15,000 trees; and removed 1,350 trees which were hazardous to public safety. Additionally, Corps members mapped and surveyed 175 miles of streams; inventoried 12 acres of forest land; stocked 20,000 trout; and bagged 2,200 bags of oyster shells to regenerate oyster beds. They also participated in a search-and-rescue effort; and recruited and trained 15,000 volunteers.

ENGINEERING & CONSTRUCTION

Engineering and Construction formed as the Capital Development Program, a part of the Capital Programs Administration by 1984. Renamed Engineering Services in 1990, the Program became Engineering and Construction Services in 1991 under Public Lands. In 1992, it was placed under Public Lands and Forestry and, in 1995, as Engineering and Construction transferred to Public Lands.

Engineering and Construction provides design and construction services to other Department agencies and local jurisdictions; evaluates facilities in order to plan capital expenditures; and helps preserve historic properties owned by the Department.

OCEAN CITY BEACH REPLENISHMENT & HURRICANE PROTECTION PROJECT
The Ocean City Beach Replenishment and Hurricane Protection Project gives storm protection to Ocean City and maintains the recreation beach used by 4 million visitors annually. The Project was constructed in two phases. Phase I established a wide, gradually rising beach and level berm area. Completed in September 1988, it was funded by State government, Ocean City, and Worcester County. Phase II included 1.8 miles of steel bulkhead protecting the boardwalk and 7 miles of dunes and berm to provide hurricane protection up to the Delaware boundary line. It was funded jointly by the State, Ocean City, Worcester County and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers.

State funding for Phases I and II, and continued maintenance of the Project comes from the Ocean Beach Replenishment Fund, established in 1986 (Chapter 606, Acts of 1986; Code Natural Resources Article, sec. 8-1103). To retain its 100-year storm protection level and ensure federal involvement (in case of a major catastrophe), the beach is to be replenished every four years.

NATURAL RESOURCES POLICE FORCE

The Natural Resources Police Force is Maryland's oldest State law enforcement agency and one of the oldest conservation law enforcement agencies in the country. It traces its origin to 1868, when the State Oyster Police Force was created to enforce oyster laws. As the State Fishery Force, it reorganized in 1874 under the Commissioner of Fisheries and, in 1880, under the Board of Public Works. In 1922, the Force became part of the Conservation Department and was renamed Maryland Patrol and Inspection Fleet. Marine enforcement by the Natural Resources Police Force originated from responsibilities of the early fisheries fleets.

For wildlife and inland fisheries, the creation of the post of State Game Warden in 1896 provided a system for uniformly enforcing conservation laws across Maryland. After the Warden's appointment, government programs were initiated that still define the inland enforcement duties of the Natural Resources Police Force. In 1922, the State Game Warden joined the Conservation Department along with the State Fishery Force (renamed the Maryland Patrol and Inspection Fleet). In 1939, the Conservation Department split into two departments: the Department of Tidewater Fisheries, and the Game and Inland Fish Commission (later the Department of Game and Inland Fish). The Marine Enforcement Fleet then was named the Division of Inspection and Patrol. Responsible for enforcing the Maryland Boat Act of 1960, it became the Maryland State Marine Police in 1962 and was made part of the Department of Chesapeake Bay Affairs in 1964. That department and the Department of Game and Inland Fish were abolished in 1969 when the Department of Natural Resources was created. In 1972, the Maryland State Marine Police was renamed the Natural Resources Police Force (Chapter 348, Acts of 1972). From 1992 to 1995, the Force was part of Resource Management. In 1995, it transferred to Public Lands.

Throughout Maryland, the Natural Resources Police Force has full police powers. It protects life and property, preserves the peace, prevents crime, detects and apprehends criminals, and safeguards individual rights.

The Force serves as the primary search and rescue agency on Maryland waters and in rural areas of the State. Through enforcement of hunting and wildlife conservation laws, the Force provides the primary law enforcement and emergency services for some remote areas in Maryland.

State laws and regulations on boating, commercial seafood harvesting and sport fishing, waterways pollution, and wildlife conservation are enforced by the Force, as are general criminal laws. The Force inspects boats for violations of conservation and boating laws, and inspects seafood processing houses and trucks carrying seafood cargo. It arrests and issues warnings to violators. The Force also investigates boating accidents and reports them to the U.S. Coast Guard. Maryland's three State vessels - the yacht Maryland Independence, the work boat H. J. Elser, and the skipjack Anna McGarvey - are operated and maintained by the Force.

Boating and hunting safety education programs are conducted by the Force. In addition, the Force operates the Natural Resources Police Academy at Matapeake, a central maintenance and supply facility, and an aviation unit to provide airborne surveillance and rescue services to enforcement programs and Department agencies (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 1-201 through 1-210).

The Force is organized into three bureaus: Administrative Services; Field Operations; and Management Services.

ADMINISTRATIVE SERVICES BUREAU

Four divisions come under the Bureau: Aviation; Safety Education and Boating Regulations; Support Services; and Training.

SUPPORT SERVICES DIVISION
Through the Support Services Division, the Bureau maintains vessels and equipment, and conducts hydrographic operations. The Division operates four DNR vessels: the Independence, the Millard Tawes, the Sandusky, and the Widener. In specially designated or restricted areas, the Bureau provides and sets buoys and other aids to navigation, icebreaking and aviation services.

FIELD OPERATIONS BUREAU

MANAGEMENT SERVICES BUREAU

RESOURCE PLANNING

Resource Planning originated as Land Planning Services under the Capital Programs Administration and reorganized as Greenways and Resource Planning in 1991. Under the Land and Water Conservation Service, it was renamed Resource Planning in 1995 and, in 2000, placed directly under Public Lands.

Resource Planning provides planning, mapping, environmental review, and capital budget services to help the Department acquire, develop, and manage public lands and scenic rivers. Resource Planning also is responsible for the State wildlands preservation system. The system is composed of areas in Maryland designated by the General Assembly as wildlands (Code Natural Resources Article, sec. 5-1203).

Under Resource Planning are four sections: Environmental Review; Mapping and Property Research; Resource Planning; and Technical Services.

ENVIRONMENTAL REVIEW
Environmental Review coordinates the Department's review of all proposals that affect Department lands, including leases, sales, and easements. In support of capital budget requests, planners in this section prepare environmental and growth management assessments.

MAPPING & PROPERTY RESEARCH
The Mapping and Property Research Section researches property records (deeds, surveys, land patents) and prepares project boundary maps for all Department lands. These maps show properties in the acquisition program, as well as properties owned by the Department or not yet acquired. The Section also conducts surveys, and reviews and updates the maps.

RESOURCE PLANNING
Master plans for new State parks, or for recreational use and modification of existing State parks are formulated by the Resource Planning Section. For proposed new Department areas, the Section conducts detailed property reviews, as well as environmental reviews for many Department projects and lands. The Section also develops master facilities plans for areas without approved master plans.

For the nine rivers of the scenic and wild rivers system, the Section prepares resource management plans to promote the wise use of river, land and water resources and improve resource conservation. Planners work with local citizen advisory boards developing recommendations for local governments on resource use.

TECHNICAL SERVICES
Technical Services provides computer support for publication and display graphics, and for all the work of Resource Planning. This section also maintains a geographic information system and coordinates Department forest management plans.

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT SERVICE

The Resource Management Service organized in 1992 as Resource Management and received its current name in 1995. The Service is responsible for four agencies: the Chesapeake Bay Critical Area Commission; the Fisheries Service; the Forest, Wildlife and Heritage Service; and the Licensing and Registration Service.

CHESAPEAKE BAY CRITICAL AREA COMMISSION
1804 West St., Suite 100
Annapolis, MD 21401

The Chesapeake Bay Critical Area Commission was created within the Department of Natural Resources in 1984 (Chapter 794, Acts of 1984). At that time, the General Assembly found that "there is a critical and substantial State interest for the benefit of current and future generations in fostering more sensitive development activity in a consistent and uniform manner along shoreline areas of the Chesapeake Bay and its tributaries." (Code Natural Resources Article, sec. 8-1801).

Chesapeake Bay Critical Area Protection Program. The law governing the Program requires that development projects within 1,000 feet of the tidal influence of the Chesapeake Bay meet standards designed to mitigate adverse effects on water quality, and fish, plant and animal habitat. The law is administered through critical area programs of local governments. To ensure compliance with State law, the Commission funds local programs and monitors them and local development projects. Periodically, the Commission meets with the General Assembly's Joint Committee on Chesapeake Bay Critical Areas.

The Commission has twenty-seven members. Twenty are appointed by the Governor to four-year terms with Senate advice and consent. Seven serve ex officio. The Governor names the chair (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 8-1801 through 8-1816).

FISHERIES SERVICE

Freshwater Fisheries Division. The Freshwater Fisheries Division organized in 1991. The Division protected, preserved, and restored the freshwater fish resources of Maryland. Through administration of the Fisheries Management and Protection Fund, the Division conducted scientific investigations and environmental review, propagated fish, and managed the nontidal finfish of the State.

Tidal Fisheries Division. The Tidal Fisheries Division traced its origin to the Commissioners of Fisheries created in 1874 (Chapter 150, Acts of 1874). In 1916, functions of the Commissioners of Fisheries were assigned to the Conservation Commission, which oversaw fish hatcheries (Chapter 682, Acts of 1916). The Conservation Department assumed fisheries duties in 1922 and was replaced in 1939 by the Department of Game and Inland Fish (Chapter 354, Acts of 1939). The Department was superseded in 1941 by the Department of Tidewater Fisheries, which became the Department of Chesapeake Bay Affairs in 1964 (Chapter 508, Acts of 1941; Chapter 82, Acts of 1964). That department, in turn, was replaced by the Fish and Wildlife Administration in 1970 and the Fisheries Administration in 1972 (Chapter 252, Acts of 1970; Chapter 348, Acts of 1972). In 1979, the Fisheries Administration reformed as the Tidal Fisheries Division of the Tidewater Administration. By 1984, the Division was renamed the Fisheries Division and, in 1993, it resumed the name, Tidal Fisheries Division. The Division in 1995 became part of the Fish, Heritage, and Wildlife Administration. Later that year, it joined the Fisheries Service. The Division preserved, enhanced, developed, and oversaw use of fishery resources in Maryland.

In 1995, functions of the Freshwater Fisheries Division and the Tidal Fisheries Division were assumed by the Fisheries Service.

Fishery Management Program. This program plants oyster shells for propagation, transplants seed oysters on public oyster bars, and monitors blue crab movement to gauge fluctuations in annual harvest. The Program studies young fish annually to determine reproductive success; monitors anadromous fish reproduction and harvests; and supports striped bass hatcheries for research and restoration. The Program also issues permits for aquaculture and scientific collections of fish and shellfish, investigates disease and parasite infestations, develops and analyzes statistics for management decisions, and formulates management plans. The Service strives to provide maximum opportunities for public fishing within existing habitat while preserving and enhancing natural resources within the State (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 4-101 through 4-1209).

The Fisheries Service administers the Sarbanes Cooperative Oxford Laboratory, and six divisions: Mariculture, Estuarine and Marine Hatcheries; Planning and Administration; Policy and Fisheries Development; Resource Management; Restoration and Enhancement; and Shellfish.

MARICULTURE, ESTUARINE, & MARINE HATCHERIES DIVISION

POLICY & FISHERIES DEVELOPMENT DIVISION

COASTAL BAYS FISHERY ADVISORY COMMITTEE
In September 1999, the Coastal Bays Fishery Advisory Committee formed. The Committee advises the Department of Natural Resources on implementation of the Comprehensive Conservation Management Plan for Maryland's coastal bays.

SPORT FISHERIES ADVISORY COMMISSION
The Commission advises the Department on sport fishing matters. The Commission's twelve members are appointed to four-year terms by the Governor with the advice of the Secretary of Natural Resources (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 1-102, 4-204).

TIDAL FISHERIES ADVISORY COMMISSION
The Commission consists of up to twelve members appointed to two-year terms by the Governor with the advice of the Secretary of Natural Resources (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 1-102, 4-204).

RESOURCE MANAGEMENT DIVISION

RESTORATION & ENHANCEMENT DIVISION

SARBANES COOPERATIVE OXFORD LABORATORY

In 1960, the U.S. Bureau of Commercial Fisheries established the Oxford Laboratory to investigate oyster diseases which struck Chesapeake Bay in the late 1950s. Originally a federal research center, the Laboratory in 1987 became a joint research and monitoring facility of the Department of Natural Resources, and the National Marine Fisheries Service of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, U.S. Department of Commerce. After renovation and expansion, the Cooperative Oxford Laboratory was renamed the Sarbanes Cooperative Oxford Laboratory in February 1999 to honor Maryland's U.S. Senator Paul S. Sarbanes, a long-term mentor and supporter. Located on 11.5 acres along the Tred Avon River, the Laboratory is a complex of laboratories and experimental ponds, with an extensive scientific library. Laboratory work focuses on diagnosing and monitoring diseases of shellfish, finfish, and wildlife in Maryland. A unit of the National Marine Mammal and Sea Turtle Stranding Network also is based there.

BOARD OF VISITORS
Appointed by the Secretary of Natural Resources, the Board of Visitors is an advisory body which periodically reviews the mission, facilities, and accomplishments of the Sarbanes Cooperative Oxford Laboratory.

SHELLFISH DIVISION

FOREST, WILDLIFE & HERITAGE SERVICE

FOREST SERVICE

With the Forest Conservancy Districts Act, forestry programs started in 1943 under the Board of Natural Resources (Chapter 722, Acts of 1943). When the Department of Natural Resources formed in 1969, the Forest Conservancy Districts Program came under the new Department. In 1971, the Program was renamed the Technical Forestry and Reforestation Program. By 1979, it was called Cooperative Forest Management and, by 1983, the Cooperative Forestry Program. It became Forestry Programs in 1991 and the Forest Service in 1992. The Forest Service became part of the Forest, Wildlife and Heritage Service in 1995.

The Forest Service helps private landowners and municipal and county governments manage their forests and trees. The Service seeks to improve and maintain the economic, aesthetic, recreational and environmental contributions of trees, forests, and forest-related resources for human benefit. Duties include cooperative forest management; urban and community forestry; resource use, planning, and protection; and all matters relating to forestry in the critical areas surrounding Chesapeake Bay.

To private landowners and local governments, the Forest Service provides forest management expertise. Forest fire prevention and control, insect and disease control, land and watershed management, as well as reforestation, and urban and community forestry constitute the main thrusts of Service programs. Through urban and community forestry, the Service carefully plans development and large-scale forestry projects with developers, builders, architects, and city and county planners. Supervision of utility trimming and municipal tree care is an important part of urban and community forestry. The urban forestry concept includes granting individual shade tree consultations to private landowners, as time permits.

FOREST ADVISORY COMMISSION
Formerly the Forest and Park Advisory Commission, the Forest Advisory Commission was created in 1988 (Chapter 178, Acts of 1988). The Commission's nine members are appointed by the Governor with the advice of the Secretary of Natural Resources (Code Natural Resources Article, sec. 5-204)

FOREST CONSERVANCY DISTRICT BOARDS
Forest Conservancy District Boards function in all twenty-three Maryland counties and Baltimore City. The Boards started as District Forestry Boards in 1943 to assist the then Department of Forests and Parks by promoting forest management on privately owned woodlands. Their original goal was to help assure a continuous supply of wood fiber products through scientific forest management.

Today, Forest Conservancy District Boards work to improve the environment in urban and suburban areas and educate people about the benefits of forests. Board members work closely with foresters throughout the State. The Boards primarily serve as advisory, educational and facilitating bodies. In the Chesapeake Bay Critical Area, they approve all forest management plans. The Boards also review proposed laws and represent the interests of forestry with local, State and federal legislatures (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 5-601 through 5-610).

Board members are appointed by the Assistant Secretary for the Resource Management Service to three-year terms on recommendation of the local forester in consultation with Board members. The chief requirement for membership is an interest in forestry and a desire to see resources used wisely and renewed. Meeting at least four times a year, each board has five or more members.

FOREST STEWARDSHIP PROGRAM
To improve the management of private forest lands, the Program was begun in 1991 by the Forest Service in cooperation with other natural resource conservation agencies, foresters, and forest advocacy groups. Through the Forest Stewardship Program, Resource Conservation Plans are prepared for nonindustrial private forest landowners. Cooperating agencies provide tehnical assistance to private landowners for all their forest resources, including water, recreation, and wildlife. This State program is part of a nationwide effort initiated by the National Association of State Foresters in cooperation with the State and Private Forestry Program of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The Program also oversees forest fire suppression and the State Nursery at Preston.

URBAN FORESTRY & REFORESTATION
The planning for and management of a community's forest resources to enhance the quality of life is known as urban forestry. The process integrates the environmental, economic, political, historical and social values of the community with the management plan for the urban forest.

Urban Forestry and Reforestation began as the Urban and Community Forestry Program in 1984 (Chapter 543, Acts of 1984). The Program implements ecosystem management strategies to enhance urban forests and associated vegetation. Forest loss and gain by county and by subwatershed are tracked by the Program using the inventory mandated by the Forest Conservation Act of 1991 (Chapter 255, Acts of 1991). The Program also oversees Tree-Mendous Maryland, a cooperative effort by citizens, community groups, and businesses to plant trees on public lands.

WILDLIFE & HERITAGE DIVISION

The Division develops and manages thirty-six State Wildlife Management Areas (public hunting areas). It also manages and administers recreational use of cooperative wildlife areas and some State park areas.

Three programs operate under the Division: Biodiversity; Conservation Technology; and Game Management. The Division also is aided by several advisory bodies among which are the Captive Wildlife Advisory Committee; Fur Resources Advisory Committee; Migratory Waterfowl Advisory Committee; Wildlife Advisory Commission; and Wild Turkey Advisory Committee.

MIGRATORY WATERFOWL ADVISORY COMMITTEE
The Migratory Waterfowl Advisory Committee was formerly the Duck Release Program Advisory Committee. The Committee advises the Department on waterfowl habitat conservation; expenditure of funds derived from the sale of State migratory waterfowl stamps; and policy, regulations, and legislation for the duck release program.

Appointed by the Governor, the Committee consists of nine members (Code Natural Resources Article, sec. 10-308.1).

TASK FORCE ON NON-LETHAL WILDLIFE MANAGEMENT
The Task Force on Non-Lethal Wildlife was formed by the Department of Natural Resources in November 2000. The Task Force will study scientific research that documents the effectiveness of wildlife management techniques used by wildlife agencies. It will assess Maryland's wildlife management policies and the causes of conflict between the State's humans and wildlife, particularly deer, bear, beaver, Canadian geese, and mute swans. The Task Force also will recommend how to fund and implement non-lethal wildlife management initiatives.

By December 1, 2001, the Task Force will report to the Governor and General Assembly.

WILDLIFE ADVISORY COMMISSION
The Governor appoints the Wildlife Advisory Commission to advise the Wildlife Program and the Secretary of Natural Resources on wildlife matters. Members serve four-year terms (Code Natural Resources Article, sec. 1-102).

LICENSING & REGISTRATION SERVICE

The Licensing and Registration Service began as the Licensing and Watercraft Registration Service. Under its present name, it joined the Resource Management Service in 1995.

The Licensing and Registration Service assesses and collects vessel excise taxes; issues certificates of registration and title to vessels; issues recreational fishing, commercial fishing and hunting licenses; and manages a network of sport license agents. The Service also works with Maryland boaters and the marine industry, promulgates boating and waterway regulations, and biennially produces the Guide for Cruising Maryland Waters. Regional service centers operate in Annapolis, Bel Air, Centreville, Cumberland, Dundalk, Prince Frederick, and Salisbury (Code Natural Resources Article, secs. 4-601 through 4-1043; 8-701 through 8-740; 10-301 through 10-1108).

Maryland Constitutional Offices & Agencies
Maryland Departments
Maryland Independent Agencies
Maryland Executive Commissions, Committees, Task Forces, & Advisory Boards
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